The city was founded in the year 1537 by Sebastian de Belalcazar. Because of its beautiful colonial houses, it is known as the "white city". Popayan has played a major role in Colombia's history dating back to the early days of the Spanish conquest and into the twentieth century. A number of Colombian presidents were born in Popayan including, most recently, Guillermo Leon Valencia from 1962 to 1966. Other well-known citizens include Francisco Jose de Caldas (1768-1816) and Camilo Torres (1766-1816). Popayán has one of Colombia's oldest universities: the Universidad del Cauca, founded in 1827. The University is well known throughout the country for its Law School, Medical School, and its Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering programs.

Popayán, often referred to as the "White City" for its beautifully preserved whitewashed colonial buildings, is a gem in Colombia's southwestern Andes. The city holds a deep historical and cultural significance, having been a vital hub during the Spanish colonial era. Today, it’s celebrated for its remarkable architecture, traditional festivals, and culinary excellence.

Walking through Popayán's historic center, visitors encounter stunning churches such as La Ermita and San Francisco, alongside elegant plazas like Parque Caldas. The city’s cobblestone streets tell stories of its past, while museums like the Guillermo Valencia House Museum and the Museum of Religious Art showcase its rich heritage.

Popayán is renowned for its Holy Week processions, a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage, drawing thousands of visitors annually. Its culinary traditions earned it the title of UNESCO Creative City of Gastronomy, offering unique dishes like empanadas de pipián and tamales de pipián.

Surrounding Popayán are natural wonders, including Puracé National Natural Park, home to the majestic Puracé Volcano, hot springs, and diverse wildlife. The city's relaxed atmosphere, cultural wealth, and proximity to nature make it a captivating destination for travelers looking to explore Colombia’s history and beauty.